https://global-ecosystems.org/explore/realms/
https://global-ecosystems.org/
https://ecoregions.appspot.com/

Mapping the IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (GET v2.1, by IUCN /2022) onto codehw
10 realms, 25 biomes, 110 Ecosystem Functional Groups

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
1400 members
 
the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is a membership Union uniquely composed of both government and civil society organisations. By harnessing the experience, resources and reach of its more than 1,600 Member organisations and the input of some 19,000 experts, IUCN is the global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it.

IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (GET) — a global, multi-realm ecosystem classification that covers terrestrial, freshwater, marine, subterranean, and transitional realms in a six-level hierarchy; it It is probably the closest modern "umbrella" scheme if you want something broader than TEOW/FEOW/MEOW taken together.iucn+1

The content for this website has been drawn from the IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (v2.1).

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HLC Tree (GW);HLC-M;HLC-D;HLC-X;HLC-S;REF-CODE;DESCRIPTION;Details

800-7980 (0.02.0);7980;0N00;R0N00;E900;E900;T - Terrestrial;(7 Biomes, 34 Functional Groups)

800-7980-0N01 (0.02.01);0N01;0N01;R0N01;E901;E901;T1 - (Sub-)Tropical forests biome;(4 Functional Groups)
800-7980-0N01-0I11;0I11;0I11;R0I11;E411;E411;T1.1 - (Sub-)Tropical lowland rainforests;TEOW IM71/AT71
800-7980-0N01-0I12;0I12;0I12;R0I12;E412;E412;T1.2 - (Sub-)tropical dry forests & thickets;TEOW AT72/IM72
800-7980-0N01-0I13;0I13;0I13;R0I13;E413;E413;T1.3 - (Sub-)tropical montane rainforests;TEOW IM73/TN73
800-7980-0N01-0I14;0I14;0I14;R0I14;E414;E414;T1.4 - Tropical heath forests;TEOW (nested IM71)

800-7980-0N02 (0.02.02);0N02;0N02;R0N02;E902;E902;T2 - Temperate/boreal forests & woodlands biome;(6 Functional Groups)
800-7980-0N02-0I21;0I21;0I21;R0I21;E421;E421;T2.1 - Boreal & temperate high montane forests & woodlands;TEOW PA75/NA75
800-7980-0N02-0I22;0I22;0I22;R0I22;E422;E422;T2.2 - Deciduous temperate forests;TEOW PA74/NA74
800-7980-0N02-0I23;0I23;0I23;R0I23;E423;E423;T2.3 - Oceanic cool temperate rainforests;TEOW UA74/TN74
800-7980-0N02-0I24;0I24;0I24;R0I24;E424;E424;T2.4 - Warm temperate laurophyll forests;TEOW AT82/UA82
800-7980-0N02-0I25;0I25;0I25;R0I25;E425;E425;T2.5 - Temperate pyric humid forests;TEOW NA75
800-7980-0N02-0I26;0I26;0I26;R0I26;E426;E426;T2.6 - Temperate pyric sclerophyll forests & woodland;TEOW AT82/NA82

800-7980-0N03 (0.02.03);0N03;0N03;R0N03;E903;E903;T3 - Shrublands & shrubby woodlands biome;(4 Functional Groups)
800-7980-0N03-0I31;0I31;0I31;R0I31;E431;E431;T3.1 - Seasonally dry tropical shrublands;TEOW AT83/IM83
800-7980-0N03-0I32;0I32;0I32;R0I32;E432;E432;T3.2 - Seasonally dry temperate heath & shrublands;TEOW AT82
800-7980-0N03-0I33;0I33;0I33;R0I33;E433;E433;T3.3 - Cool temperate heathlands;EUNIS S/R heath
800-7980-0N03-0I34;0I34;0I34;R0I34;E434;E434;T3.4 - Young rocky pavements, lava flows & screes;TEOW (nested)

800-7980-0N04 (0.02.04);0N04;0N04;R0N04;E904;E904;T4 - Savannas & grasslands biome;(5 Functional Groups)
800-7980-0N04-0I41;0I41;0I41;R0I41;E441;E441;T4.1 - Trophic savannas;TEOW AT77/TN77
800-7980-0N04-0I42;0I42;0I42;R0I42;E442;E442;T4.2 - Pyric tussock savannas;TEOW AT77/UA77
800-7980-0N04-0I43;0I43;0I43;R0I43;E443;E443;T4.3 - Hummock savannas;TEOW UA77
800-7980-0N04-0I44;0I44;0I44;R0I44;E444;E444;T4.4 - Temperate woodlands;TEOW NA78/UA78
800-7980-0N04-0I45;0I45;0I45;R0I45;E445;E445;T4.5 - Temperate subhumid grasslands;TEOW NA78/TN78

800-7980-0N05 (0.02.05);0N05;0N05;R0N05;E905;E905;T5 - Deserts & semi-deserts biome;(5 Functional Groups)
800-7980-0N05-0I51;0I51;0I51;R0I51;E451;E451;T5.1 - Semi-desert steppe;TEOW AT83, GZ73
800-7980-0N05-0I52;0I52;0I52;R0I52;E452;E452;T5.2 - Succulent or Thorny deserts & semi-deserts;TEOW AT83/TN83
800-7980-0N05-0I53;0I53;0I53;R0I53;E453;E453;T5.3 - Sclerophyll hot deserts & semi-deserts;TEOW UA83/IM83
800-7980-0N05-0I54;0I54;0I54;R0I54;E454;E454;T5.4 - Cool deserts & semi-deserts;TEOW PA83
800-7980-0N05-0I55;0I55;0I55;R0I55;E455;E455;T5.5 - Hyper-arid deserts;TEOW AT83/PA83

800-7980-0N06 (0.02.06);0N06;0N06;R0N06;E906;E906;T6 - Polar/alpine (cryogenic) biome;(5 Functional Groups)
800-7980-0N06-0I61;0I61;0I61;R0I61;E461;E461;T6.1 - Ice sheets, glaciers & perennial snowfields;GZ51, QA00
800-7980-0N06-0I62;0I62;0I62;R0I62;E462;E462;T6.2 - Polar/alpine cliffs, screes, outcrops & lava flows;TEOW PA80/NA80
800-7980-0N06-0I63;0I63;0I63;R0I63;E463;E463;T6.3 - Polar tundra & deserts;TEOW PA80/NA80
800-7980-0N06-0I64;0I64;0I64;R0I64;E464;E464;T6.4 - Temperate alpine grasslands & shrublands;TEOW PA80/TN80
800-7980-0N06-0I65;0I65;0I65;R0I65;E465;E465;T6.5 - Tropical alpine grasslands & herbfields;TEOW AT80/TN80

800-7980-0N07 (0.02.07);0N07;0N07;R0N07;E907;E907;T7 - Intensive land-use biome;(5 Functional Groups)
800-7980-0N07-0I71;0I71;0I71;R0I71;E471;E471;T7.1 - Annual croplands;EUNIS (partial)
800-7980-0N07-0I72;0I72;0I72;R0I72;E472;E472;T7.2 - Sown livestock pastures;EUNIS (partial)
800-7980-0N07-0I73;0I73;0I73;R0I73;E473;E473;T7.3 - Plantations;EUNIS (partial)
800-7980-0N07-0I74;0I74;0I74;R0I74;E474;E474;T7.4 - Urban & industrial ecosystems;EUNIS (partial)
800-7980-0N07-0I75;0I75;0I75;R0I75;E475;E475;T7.5 - Derived semi-natural pastures & old fields;EUNIS (partial)

800-7981 (0.02.1);7981;0N10;R0N10;E910;E910;M - Marine;(4 Biomes, 24 Functional Groups)

800-7981-0N11 (0.02.11);0N11;0N11;R0N11;E911;E911;M1 - Marine shelf biome;(10 Functional Groups)
800-7981-0N11-0J11;0J11;0J11;R0J11;E511;E511;M1.1 -Seagrass meadows;MEOW <province>
800-7981-0N11-0J12;0J12;0J12;R0J12;E512;E512;M1.2 - Kelp forests;MEOW <province>
800-7981-0N11-0J13;0J13;0J13;R0J13;E513;E513;M1.3 - Photic coral reefs;MEOW <province>
800-7981-0N11-0J14;0J14;0J14;R0J14;E514;E514;M1.4 - Shellfish beds & reefs;MEOW <province>
800-7981-0N11-0J15;0J15;0J15;R0J15;E515;E515;M1.5 - Photo-limited marine animal forests;MEOW <province>
800-7981-0N11-0J16;0J16;0J16;R0J16;E516;E516;M1.6 - Subtidal rocky reefs;EUNIS M rock
800-7981-0N11-0J17;0J17;0J17;R0J17;E517;E517;M1.7 - Subtidal sand beds;EUNIS M sand
800-7981-0N11-0J18;0J18;0J18;R0J18;E518;E518;M1.8 - Subtidal mud plains;EUNIS M mud
800-7981-0N11-0J19;0J19;0J19;R0J19;E519;E519;M1.9 - Upwelling zones;LMES (upwelling)
800-7981-0N11-0J20;0J20;0J20;R0J20;E520;E520;M1.10 - Rhodolith/Maerl beds;MEOW / EUNIS M

800-7981-0N12 (0.02.12);0N12;0N12;R0N12;E912;E912;M2 - Pelagic ocean waters biome;(5 Functional Groups)
800-7981-0N12-0J31;0J31;0J31;R0J31;E531;E531;M2.1 - Epipelagic ocean waters;PPOW PP01-37
800-7981-0N12-0J32;0J32;0J32;R0J32;E532;E532;M2.2 - Mesopelagic ocean waters;GOODS VT meso
800-7981-0N12-0J33;0J33;0J33;R0J33;E533;E533;M2.3 - Bathypelagic ocean waters;GOODS VT bathy
800-7981-0N12-0J34;0J34;0J34;R0J34;E534;E534;M2.4 - Abyssopelagic ocean waters;GOODS VT abysso
800-7981-0N12-0J35;0J35;0J35;R0J35;E535;E535;M2.5 - Sea ice;PAME AW01-18

800-7981-0N13 (0.02.13);0N13;0N13;R0N13;E913;E913;M3 - Deep sea floors biome;(7 Functional Groups)
800-7981-0N13-0J41;0J41;0J41;R0J41;E541;E541;M3.1 - Continental & island slopes;BPOW HL slope
800-7981-0N13-0J42;0J42;0J42;R0J42;E542;E542;M3.2 - Submarine canyons;BPOW HL/VT
800-7981-0N13-0J43;0J43;0J43;R0J43;E543;E543;M3.3 - Abyssal plains;BPOW HL abyssal
800-7981-0N13-0J44;0J44;0J44;R0J44;E544;E544;M3.4 - Seamounts, ridges & plateaus;BPOW HL/VT
800-7981-0N13-0J45;0J45;0J45;R0J45;E545;E545;M3.5 - Deepwater biogenic beds;BPOW HL
800-7981-0N13-0J46;0J46;0J46;R0J46;E546;E546;M3.6 - Hadal trenches & troughs;GOODS VT hadal
800-7981-0N13-0J47;0J47;0J47;R0J47;E547;E547;M3.7 - Chemosynthetic-based ecosystems (CBE);GOODS VT chemo

800-7981-0N14 (0.02.14);0N14;0N14;R0N14;E914;E914;M4 - Anthropogenic marine biome;(2 Functional Groups)
800-7981-0N14-0J51;0J51;0J51;R0J51;E551;E551;M4.1 - Submerged artificial structures;EUNIS (partial)
800-7981-0N14-0J52;0J52;0J52;R0J52;E552;E552;M4.2 - Marine aquafarms;EUNIS (partial)

800-7982 (0.02.2);7982;0N20;R0N20;E920;E920;F - Freshwater;(3 Biomes, 22 Functional Groups)

800-7982-0N21 (0.02.21);0N21;0N21;R0N21;E921;E921;F1 - Rivers & streams biome;(7 Functional Groups)
800-7982-0N21-0K11;0K11;0K11;R0K11;E611;E611;F1.1 - Permanent upland streams;FEOW <R>59/62/67
800-7982-0N21-0K12;0K12;0K12;R0K12;E612;E612;F1.2 - Permanent lowland rivers;FEOW <R>58/61/69
800-7982-0N21-0K13;0K13;0K13;R0K13;E613;E613;F1.3 - Freeze-thaw rivers & streams;FEOW PA/NA/QA 64
800-7982-0N21-0K14;0K14;0K14;R0K14;E614;E614;F1.4 - Seasonal upland streams;FEOW <R>56
800-7982-0N21-0K15;0K15;0K15;R0K15;E615;E615;F1.5 - Seasonal lowland rivers;FEOW <R>60/63
800-7982-0N21-0K16;0K16;0K16;R0K16;E616;E616;F1.6 - Episodic arid rivers;FEOW <R>57
800-7982-0N21-0K17;0K17;0K17;R0K17;E617;E617;F1.7 - Large lowland rivers;FEOW <R>55/66

800-7982-0N22 (0.02.22);0N22;0N22;R0N22;E922;E922;F2 - Lakes biome;(10 Functional Groups)
800-7982-0N22-0K21;0K21;0K21;R0K21;E621;E621;F2.1 - Large permanent freshwater lakes;FEOW <R>54
800-7982-0N22-0K22;0K22;0K22;R0K22;E622;E622;F2.2 - Small permanent freshwater lakes;FEOW <R>68
800-7982-0N22-0K23;0K23;0K23;R0K23;E623;E623;F2.3 - Seasonal freshwater lakes;FEOW IM/AT 54
800-7982-0N22-0K24;0K24;0K24;R0K24;E624;E624;F2.4 - Freeze-thaw freshwater lakes;FEOW PA/NA 64/68
800-7982-0N22-0K25;0K25;0K25;R0K25;E625;E625;F2.5 - Ephemeral freshwater lakes;FEOW AT/UA 57
800-7982-0N22-0K26;0K26;0K26;R0K26;E626;E626;F2.6 - Permanent salt & soda lakes;FEOW PA/AT/TN 57
800-7982-0N22-0K27;0K27;0K27;R0K27;E627;E627;F2.7 - Ephemeral salt lakes;FEOW UA/TN 57
800-7982-0N22-0K28;0K28;0K28;R0K28;E628;E628;F2.8 - Artesian springs & oases;FEOW (nested)
800-7982-0N22-0K29;0K29;0K29;R0K29;E629;E629;F2.9 - Geothermal pools & wetlands;FEOW CO/volcanic
800-7982-0N22-0K30;0K30;0K30;R0K30;E630;E630;F2.10 - Subglacial lakes;FEOW QA 64

800-7982-0N23 (0.02.23);0N23;0N23;E0N23;E923;E923;F3 - Artificial wetlands biome;(5 Functional Groups)
800-7982-0N23-0K41;0K41;0K41;R0K41;E641;E641;F3.1 - Large reservoirs;EUNIS (partial)
800-7982-0N23-0K42;0K42;0K42;R0K42;E642;E642;F3.2 - Constructed lacustrine wetlands;EUNIS (partial)
800-7982-0N23-0K43;0K43;0K43;R0K43;E643;E643;F3.3 - Rice paddies;EUNIS (partial)
800-7982-0N23-0K44;0K44;0K44;R0K44;E644;E644;F3.4 - Freshwater aquafarms;EUNIS (partial)
800-7982-0N23-0K45;0K45;0K45;R0K45;E645;E645;F3.5 - Canals, ditches & drains;EUNIS (partial)

800-7983 (0.02.3);7983;0N30;R0N30;E930;E930;S - Subterranean;(2 Biomes, 3 Functional Groups)

800-7983-0N31 (0.02.31);0N31;0N31;R0N31;E931;E931;S1 - Subterranean lithic biome;(2 Functional Groups)
800-7983-0N31-0K71;0K71;0K71;R0K71;E671;E671;S1.1 - Aerobic caves;EUNIS (sliver)
800-7983-0N31-0K72;0K72;0K72;R0K72;E672;E672;S1.2 - Endolithic systems;(none)

800-7983-0N32 (0.02.32);0N32;0N32;R0N32;E932;E932;S2 - Anthropogenic subterranean voids biome;(1 Functional Group)
800-7983-0N32-0K81;0K81;0K81;R0K81;E681;E681;S2.1 - Anthropogenic subterranean voids;(none)

800-7984 (0.02.4);7984;0N40;R0N40;E940;E940;MT - Marine-Terrestrial;(3 Biomes, 7 Functional Groups)

800-7984-0N41 (0.02.41);0N41;0N41;R0N41;E941;E941;MT1 - Shorelines biome;(4 Functional Groups)
800-7984-0N41-0L11;0L11;0L11;R0L11;E711;E711;MT1.1 - Rocky Shorelines;EUNIS N/M rock
800-7984-0N41-0L12;0L12;0L12;R0L12;E712;E712;MT1.2 - Muddy Shorelines;EUNIS N/M mud
800-7984-0N41-0L13;0L13;0L13;R0L13;E713;E713;MT1.3 - Sandy Shorelines;EUNIS N/M sand
800-7984-0N41-0L14;0L14;0L14;R0L14;E714;E714;MT1.4 - Boulder & cobble shores;EUNIS N/M coarse

800-7984-0N42 (0.02.42);0N42;0N42;R0N42;E942;E942;MT2 - Supralittoral coastal biome;(2 Functional Groups)
800-7984-0N42-0L21;0L21;0L21;R0L21;E721;E721;MT2.1 - Coastal shrublands & grasslands;EUNIS SM83 (N)
800-7984-0N42-0L22;0L22;0L22;R0L22;E722;E722;MT2.2 - Large seabird & pinniped colonies;EUNIS (partial)

800-7984-0N43 (0.02.43);0N43;0N43;R0N43;E943;E943;MT3 - Anthropogenic shorelines biome;(1 Functional Group)
800-7984-0N43-0L31;0L31;0L31;R0L31;E731;E731;MT3.1 - Artificial shorelines;EUNIS (partial)

800-7985 (0.02.5);7985;0N50;R0N50;E950;E950;SF - Subterranean-Freshwater;(2 Biomes, 4 Functional Groups)

800-7985-0N51 (0.02.51);0N51;0N51;R0N51;E951;E951;SF1 - Subterranean freshwaters biome;(2 Functional Groups)
800-7985-0N51-0L41;0L41;0L41;R0L41;E741;E741;SF1.1 - Underground streams & pools;(none)
800-7985-0N51-0L42;0L42;0L42;R0L42;E742;E742;SF1.2 - Groundwater ecosystems;(none)

800-7985-0N52 (0.02.52);0N52;0N52;R0N52;E952;E952;SF2 - Anthropogenic subterranean freshwaters biome;(2 Functional Groups)
800-7985-0N52-0L51;0L51;0L51;R0L51;E751;E751;SF2.1 - Water pipes & subterranean canals;(none)
800-7985-0N52-0L52;0L52;0L52;R0L52;E752;E752;SF2.2 - Flooded mines & other voids;(none)

800-7986 (0.02.6);7986;0N60;R0N60;E960;E960;FM - Freshwater-Marine;(1 Biome, 3 Functional Groups)

800-7986-0N61 (0.02.61);0N61;0N61;R0N61;E961;E961;FM1 - Semi-confined transitional waters biome;(3 Functional Groups)
800-7986-0N61-0L61;0L61;0L61;R0L61;E761;E761;FM1.1 - Deepwater coastal inlets;EUNIS SM84 (O)
800-7986-0N61-0L62;0L62;0L62;R0L62;E762;E762;FM1.2 - Permanently open riverine estuaries & bays;MEOW SM84 (O)
800-7986-0N61-0L63;0L63;0L63;R0L63;E763;E763;FM1.3 - Intermittently closed & open lakes & lagoons;EUNIS SM84 (O)

800-7987 (0.02.7);0N70;0N70;R0N70;E970;E970;MFT - Marine-Freshwater-Terrestrial;(1 Biome,3 Functional Groups)

800-7987-0N71 (0.02.71);0N71;0N71;R0N71;E971;E971;MFT1 - Brackish tidal biome;(3 Functional Groups)
800-7987-0N71-0L71;0L71;0L71;R0L71;E771;E771;MFT1.1 - Coastal river deltas;TEOW IM84/AT84
800-7987-0N71-0L72;0L72;0L72;R0L72;E772;E772;MFT1.2 - Intertidal forests & shrublands;TEOW IM84/AT84 (mangrove)
800-7987-0N71-0L73;0L73;0L73;R0L73;E773;E773;MFT1.3 - Coastal saltmarshes & reedbeds;EUNIS Q/N saltmarsh

800-7988 (0.02.8);0N80;0N80;R0N80;E980;E980;SM - Subterranean-Marine;(1 Biome, 3 Functional Groups)

800-7988-0N81 (0.02.81);0N81;0N81;R0N81;E981;E981;SM1 - Subterranean tidal biome;(3 Functional Groups)
800-7988-0N81-0L81;0L81;0L81;R0L81;E781;E781;SM1.1 - Anchialine caves;(none)
800-7988-0N81-0L82;0L82;0L82;R0L82;E782;E782;SM1.2 - Anchialine pools;(none)
800-7988-0N81-0L83;0L83;0L83;R0L83;E783;E783;SM1.3 - Sea caves;EUNIS (sliver)

800-7989 (0.02.9);0N90;0N90;R0N90;E990;E990;TF - Terrestrial-Freshwater;(1 Biome,7 Functional Groups)

800-7989-0N91 (0.02.91);0N91;0N91;R0N91;E991;E991;TF1 - Palustrine wetlands biome;(7 Functional Groups)
800-7988-0N91-0L91;0L91;0L91;R0L91;E791;E791;TF1.1 - Tropical flooded forests & peat forests;TEOW IM79/AT79
800-7988-0N91-0L92;0L92;0L92;R0L92;E792;E792;TF1.2 - Subtropical/temperate forested wetlands;TEOW NA79 / EUNIS Q
800-7988-0N91-0L93;0L93;0L93;R0L93;E793;E793;TF1.3 - Permanent marshes;EUNIS Q marsh
800-7988-0N91-0L94;0L94;0L94;R0L94;E794;E794;TF1.4 - Seasonal floodplain marshes;TEOW IM79/AT79
800-7988-0N91-0L95;0L95;0L95;R0L95;E795;E795;TF1.5 - Episodic arid floodplains;FEOW AT99 arid
800-7988-0N91-0L96;0L96;0L96;R0L96;E796;E796;TF1.6 - Boreal, temperate & montane peat bogs;EUNIS Q bog
800-7988-0N91-0L97;0L97;0L97;R0L97;E797;E797;TF1.7 - Boreal & temperate fens;EUNIS Q fen
		
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For version 2.1:
Keith, D. A., J. R. Ferrer-Paris, E. Nicholson, M. Bishop, B. A, Polidoro, E. Ramirez-Llodra, M. G. Tozer, J. L. Nel, R. Mac Nally, E. J. Gregr, K. E. Watermeyer, F. Essl, D. Faber-Langendoen, J. Franklin, C. E. R. Lehmann, A. Etter, D. J. Roux, J. S. Stark, J. A. Rowland, N. A. Brummitt, U. C. Fernandez-Arcaya, I. M. Suthers, S. K. Wiser, I. Donohue, L. J. Jackson, R. T. Pennington, N. Pettorelli, A. Andrade, A. Lindgaard, T. Tahvanainen, A. Terauds, M. A. Chadwick, N. J. Murray, J. Moat, P. Pliscoff, I. Zager, and R. T. Kingsford (2022) A function-based typology for Earth’s ecosystems Nature 610, 513–518. DOI:10.1038/s41586-022-05318-4.

For previous versions:
David A. Keith, José R. Ferrer-Paris, Emily Nicholson and Richard T. Kingsford (eds.) (2020) The IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology 2.0: Descriptive profiles for biomes and ecosystem functional groups. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. ISBN: 978-2-8317-2077-7. DOI:10.2305/IUCN.CH.2020.13.en.

https://www.worldwildlife.org/our-work/science/global-lakes-and-wetlands-database/